How to read
Multistix 10 sg
PROPER READ TIME IS CRITICAL FOR
OPTIMAL RESULTS.
1) Read the glucose and bilirubin test at 30 seconds
after dipping. 2) Read the ketone test at 40 seconds; 3) the specific gravity
at 45 seconds; 4) pH, protein, urobilinogen, blood, and nitrite at 60 seconds; 5)
leukocytes at 2 minutes. 6) The pH and protein areas may also be read immediately
or at any time up to 2 minutes after dipping.
After
dipping the strip, check the pH area. If the color on the pad is not uniform,
read the reagent area immediately, comparing the darkest color to the appropriate
color chart.
All reagent areas except leukocytes may be read between 1
and 2 minutes for identifying negative specimens and for determination of the
pH and specific gravity. A positive reaction (small or greater) at less than 2
minutes on the leukocyte test may be regarded as a positive indication of leukocytes
in urine.
Color changes that occur after 2 minutes are of no diagnostic
value.
Expected Values:
Glucose: small amounts of
glucose are normally excreted by the kidney, usually below the sensitivity of
this test, but may, on occasion, produce a color between negative and 100 mg/dl
that may be interpreted as positive. Results at the first positive level may be significantly
abnormal if found consistently.
Bilirubin:
normally no bilirubin is detectable in urine by even the most sensitive methods.
Even trace amounts of bilirubin are sufficiently abnormal to require further investigation.
Ketone:
normal urine speciemens ordinarily yield negative results. Detectable levels of
ketone may occur in urine during physiological stress conditions such as fasting,
pregnancy, and frequent strenuous exercise. In ketoacidosis, starvation, or other
abnormalities of carbohydrate or lipid metabolism, ketones may appear in urine
in large amounts before serum ketone is elevated.
Specific Gravity:
random urines may vary in specific gravity from 1.001-1.035.
Blood:
the significance of the trace reaction may vary among patients and clinical judgement
is required for assessment in an individual case. Development of green spots or
green color on the reagent area within 60 seconds indicates the need for further investigation.
Blood is often, but not always, found in the urine of menstruating females.
Urine
pH: Both the normal and abnormal urinary pH range is from 5 to 9.
Protein:
normally no protein is detectable in urine, although a minute amount is excreted
by the normal kidney. A color matching any block greater than trace indicates
significant proteinuria. For urine with a high specific gravity, the test area
may most closely match the trace color block even though only normal concentrations
of protein are present. Clinical judgement is needed to evaluate the significance
of trace results.
Urobilinogen: normal urobilinogen range obtained
with this test is 0.2 to 1.0 mg/dl. A result of 2.0 represents transition from
normal to abnormal, and the patient and/or urine specimen should be evaluated
further.
Nitrite: normally no nitrite is detectable in urine.
Leukocytes:
normal urine specimens generally yield negative results. Positive results (small
or greater) are clinically significant. Trace results observed individually may
be of questionable clinical significance. Trace results observed repeatedly may
be clinically significant. Positive and repeated trace results indicate the
need for further testing of the patient and/or urine specimen. |